What term refers to the rules that govern sentence structure in language?

The term that refers to the rules governing sentence structure in language is syntax. Syntax specifically deals with how words are arranged to create meaningful sentences, including the order of words and the agreements necessary for forming coherent phrases and clauses. It is a critical component of grammar, but unlike grammar, which encompasses all rules of language including punctuation and spelling, syntax focuses solely on the structure of sentences.

While semantics relates to the meanings of words and phrases, grammar includes broader rules beyond sentence structure, and phonetics deals with the sounds of speech rather than their arrangement in sentences. Understanding syntax helps in comprehending how sentences are constructed, leading to clearer communication and enhanced linguistic skills.